We do population analysis in gravitational waves all the time now. That is: we compare many observations from GW experiments against many simulated datapoints from simulations. But what if you only have one observation? That could be a LIGO guy that is kind of an outlier (think GW190521) or maybe a datapoint from a future detector (think LISA) that feels lonely in his parameter space. Don’t look further, this is stats for you (and Matt’s last paper as a grad student…)

Matthew Mould, Davide Gerosa, Marco Dall’Amico, Michela Mapelli.
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 525 (2023) 3986–3997
arXiv:2305.18539 [astro-ph.HE].